Folic Acid Test: Purpose & Results

Folic acid, also known as folate or vitamin B9, is an essential nutrient that plays a vital role in DNA synthesis, red blood cell formation, and fetal development during pregnancy. A folic acid test helps assess the levels of folate in the blood, which is critical for diagnosing deficiencies and related health concerns such as anemia or neural tube defects in unborn babies.

In this blog, we’ll discuss what a folic acid test is, why it’s important, how it’s performed, and what your results mean.

What is the Folic Acid Test?

The folic acid test is a simple blood test that measures the amount of folate in your blood. Folate is a type of B vitamin (B9) found in leafy green vegetables, fruits, beans, and fortified foods. This test is often done alongside a vitamin B12 test to diagnose certain types of anemia and to monitor overall nutritional status.

Why is the Folic Acid Test Done?

Folate is essential for multiple physiological functions, and its deficiency can lead to significant health complications. Your doctor may recommend this test for several reasons:

1. Diagnosing Folate Deficiency Anemia

Folate deficiency can result in megaloblastic anemia, a condition where the body produces abnormally large red blood cells that can’t function properly.

2. Evaluating Nutritional Deficiencies

This test helps detect malnutrition or dietary insufficiencies, especially in individuals with poor dietary intake, alcoholism, or gastrointestinal disorders.

3. Monitoring Chronic Conditions

People with conditions like celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, or kidney disorders may be at risk of folate deficiency and require regular monitoring.

4. Pregnancy Planning and Monitoring

Low folate levels during pregnancy are linked to neural tube defects in the developing fetus. Testing ensures adequate folate levels in expectant mothers or those planning to conceive.

When Should You Get Tested?

You may need a folic acid test if you experience:

1. Persistent fatigue or weakness
2. Pale skin
3. Irritability
4. Mouth sores or swollen tongue
5. Shortness of breath
6. Memory issues or cognitive concerns
7. Symptoms of malabsorption or chronic digestive conditions
8. Pregnant women, individuals with limited food variety in their diet, or those with a history of alcohol abuse may be tested more routinely.

Folic Acid Levels

Folic acid levels are measured in nanograms per millilitre (ng/mL) or nanomoles per litre (nmol/L).

Note: Reference ranges may vary slightly depending on the lab.

What Do Abnormal Results Mean?

Low Folic Acid Levels Could Indicate:

1. Poor dietary intake
2. Malabsorption disorders (e.g., celiac disease, IBD)
3. Alcoholism
4. Hemolytic anemia
5. Pregnancy (increased demand)
6. Certain medications interfering with folate absorption
7. Symptoms of Folate Deficiency:
8. Fatigue and weakness
9. Glossitis (swollen tongue)
10. Mouth ulcers
11. Irritability
12. Poor growth (in children)

High Folic Acid Levels

Usually not harmful on their own; high levels often result from supplementation. However, very high folate intake may mask vitamin B12 deficiency, which can lead to serious neurological damage if untreated.

How to Maintain Healthy Folate Levels

A well-balanced diet is key to maintaining healthy folic acid levels. Include:

1. Leafy greens (spinach, kale)
2. Citrus fruits (oranges, lemons)
3. Legumes (lentils, beans)
4. Eggs
5. Whole grains
6. Fortified cereals and bread

Pregnant women or those planning pregnancy should take folic acid supplements as recommended by their healthcare provider.

Book a Folic Acid Test Online

If you’re experiencing symptoms of fatigue, anemia, or planning for pregnancy, consult your doctor about getting a folic acid test. Early detection can help prevent long-term complications.

You can now book a folic acid test online with Dr Lal PathLabs and get accurate, timely results from the comfort of your home. Download the app or visit the website to schedule your test.

FAQs

1. Is fasting required before a folic acid test?

Fasting is not always necessary, but your doctor may recommend it depending on your overall health and the need to test other nutrients simultaneously.

2. What happens if I have low folic acid levels?

You may be prescribed dietary changes or folic acid supplements to restore healthy levels and prevent complications like anemia or neural tube defects.

3. Can folic acid levels be too high?

High levels from diet or supplements are usually not harmful, but they can mask vitamin B12 deficiency.

4. How often should I get tested?

As per your healthcare provider’s advice — especially if you’re pregnant, have anemia symptoms, or suffer from a chronic condition.